What is glenoid bone loss?

Glenoid bone loss typically results from a recurrent compression fracture of the anterior glenoid rim and, as such, represents the glenoid equivalent of a Hill-Sachs deformity (8–10). Less commonly, glenoid bone loss can result from a displaced fracture of the anterior glenoid rim (10,11).

How is glenoid bone loss measured?

The line between the anterior margin of the circle and the anterior margin of an injured glenoid represents the size of the osseous loss. The size of the bone defect divided by the glenoid width and multiplied by 100 represents the percentage of glenoid bone loss [17].

What causes bone loss in shoulder?

repetitive injuries to the AC joint or distal clavicle. repetitive motions with heavy weights (hence the name “weight lifter’s shoulder”) a combination of the long-term wear on the shoulder joint combined with some predisposing joint condition, such as rheumatoid arthritis.

Does shoulder instability Show on MRI?

MRI is the ultimate tool in assessing shoulder instability. Direct MR arthrography is the standard of care for assessment of shoulder instability in patients younger than 40 years.

What bones make up the glenoid cavity?

The shoulder is a ball and socket joint made up of three bones, namely the humerus, scapula, and clavicle. The end of the humerus or upper arm bone forms the ball of the shoulder joint. An irregular shallow cavity in the scapula called the glenoid cavity forms the socket for the head of the humerus to fit in.

Where is the glenoid bone?

Part of the shoulder joint, the glenoid bone attaches to the scapula and has a articular cartilage coating. Due to the shallow nature of the bone, the glenoid also has a cartilaginous rim to help seal the humeral head into the cavity to create a secure and mobile joint.

What is normal glenoid version?

Normal glenoid version is 0° ± 4 (mean ± standard deviation), between 4° anteversion and 4° retroversion (58,59). It is important to note that variance from normal glenoid version can change glenohumeral mechanics and result in joint instability (60).

What is a Retroverted glenoid?

Glenoid retroversion is the abnormal posterior angulation of the articular surface of the glenoid of the scapula and is of importance as it predisposes to posterior glenohumeral instability and tears of the posterior labrum.

Can you have osteoporosis in your shoulders?

Patients with osteoporosis do not typically experience symptoms in the early stages of bone loss, but can experience signs and symptoms when the condition has weakened bones, including bones which comprise the shoulder: Shoulder blade (scapula) fracture.

Can a rotator cuff tear be missed on an MRI?

An MRI scan is often done to diagnose a SLAP tear and other potential injuries to the muscles, tendons, ligaments, and cartilage in the shoulder. Because of the many overlapping and interwoven structures in the shoulder, it is possible for an MRI scan to miss a smaller tear.

Is the glenoid a bone?

The glenoid is part of the scapula, or shoulder blade. It is the cup of bone that is the “socket” portion of the shoulder ball-and-socket joint.

How accurate are CT and MRI in measuring glenoid bone loss?

Only two studies reported sensitivity and specificity, both comparing CT to arthroscopy using different bone loss thresholds (20% and 25%). CONCLUSION. CT and MRI (2D or 3D) accurately measure glenoid bone loss in anterior shoulder instability, but radiographs do not. Best-fit circle measurement techniques are reliable and accurate.

Can mRMR imaging be used to assess glenoid bone loss?

MR imaging assessment of glenoid bone loss, particularly with use of glenoid width, is almost as accurate as CT assessment. Bone loss occurs on the anterior aspect of the glenoid as a result of anterior shoulder dislocation, particularly in recurrent shoulder dislocation ( 1 ).

How is glenoid bone loss assessed in patients undergoing arthroscopy?

Anterior straight line length, glenoid width, and best-fit bone loss were measured with MR imaging and CT. Sixty-five patients also underwent arthroscopy, which was used as the standard of reference. Assessment of glenoid bone loss at MR imaging was compared with that at CT and arthroscopy.

What is the prevalence of glenoid bone loss in osteoporosis?

Glenoid bone loss was evident at MR imaging in 141 of the 176 patients (80%) with use of best-fit circle width or area methods, and the mean glenoid bone loss was 10.3% ± 7.9 (range, 0%–37%). Glenoid bone loss was evident at CT in 143 of the 176 patients (81%), and the mean glenoid bone loss was 11.0% ± −8.2 (range, 0%–35%).