What is therapeutic vancomycin trough?

Vancomycin is an antibiotic drug used to treat serious, life-threatening infections by gram-positive bacteria that are resistant to less-toxic agents. The reference range for vancomycin trough levels is 5-15 mcg/mL. The reference range for vancomycin peak levels is 20-40 mcg/mL.

What is the pharmacokinetics of vancomycin?

The pharmacokinetic profile of vancomycin is complex and can be characterized by either a 2- or 3-compartment pharmacokinetic profile (figure 1) [3,4,5]. The drug is administered intravenously, with a standard infusion time of at least 1 h, to minimize infusion-related adverse effects.

What is the drug vancomycin used for?

Vancomycin is used to treat infections caused by bacteria. It works by killing bacteria or preventing their growth. Vancomycin will not work for colds, flu, or other virus infections. Vancomycin injection is also used to treat serious infections for which other medicines may not work.

What is vancomycin peak and trough?

Peak–trough vancomycin dosing is designed to achieve a C peak of 20–40 mg/L and a C trough of 10–15 or 15–20 mg/L, depending on the severity of the infection and the nature of the pathogen. New treatment guidelines for vancomycin suggest that therapy should achieve an AUC 24/MIC of ≥400.

When is vancomycin trough?

Trough: just before 4th dose of a new regimen (prior to 3rd dose for dosing intervals ≥ 24 hours or changing renal function) – Trough levels should be obtained within 30 minutes before the next scheduled dose. – Weekly vancomycin levels should be obtained for long-term vancomycin use with stable renal function.

How is vancomycin peak and trough calculated?

Extrapolate to Cmax (peak) and Cmin (trough) Using the first-order elimination equation (Cp=Cp0∗e−kt), a true peak (Cmax) can be calculated using the time elapsed between the end of the vancomycin infusion and the first drug concentration (Cp0).

Is vancomycin broad or narrow spectrum?

Vancomycin is a broad spectrum antibiotic that has activity against methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and is generally reserved for serious drug resistant gram-positive infections.

What is the structure of vancomycin?

Vancomycin structure consists of a seven-membered peptide chain forming a tricyclic ring system that has a disaccharide composed of vancosamine and glucose attached to it. The N-terminal amino acid leucine is critical for antibacterial activity.

Why do we check vancomycin trough?

Monitoring the level of vancomycin is important because its effectiveness relies on keeping blood levels above a minimum concentration for the entire duration of therapy (also referred to as total drug exposure).

What does vancomycin trough level mean?

Then, what does vancomycin trough level mean? When a person takes a dose of vancomycin, the amount in the blood rises for a period of time, peaks, and then begins to fall, usually reaching its lowest level, or trough, just before the next dose. The next dose is timed to coincide with the falling concentration of the drug in the blood.

What is the classification and use of vancomycin?

Classification & Uses. Vancomycin is an antibiotic of the glycopeptide class. Vancomycin is a relatively large antibiotic in terms of its structure. It kills bacteria by preventing the synthesis of their defensive cell wall.

What is the best method for monitoring the efficacy of vancomycin?

• AUC/MIC is the most useful PK/PD parameter to predict efficacy Trough serum vancomycin concentrations considered most practical method for monitoring • Drawn at steady state, just before 4 th dose Trough concentration of 15-20 mg/L increases

Is vancomycin a tricyclic glycopeptide?

A tricyclic glycopeptide antibiotic. Mechanism of Action of Vancomycin. Vancomycin binds to the terminal dipeptide sequence of peptidoglycan and inhibits the association and cross linking of peptidoglycan and as the result inhibit cell wall synthesis. Pharmacokinets of Vancomycin. Absorption: It is well absorbed after parenteral administration.