What is lignin peroxidase do?

Lignin peroxidase (LiP) is also referred to as diaryl propane oxygenase and it is a heme‐containing enzyme that catalyzes hydrogen peroxide‐dependent oxidative degradation of lignin (Fig. 1). Ligninase I similarly serve same function as diaryl propane peroxidase.

What is lignin depolymerization?

Lignin depolymerization is very promising process which can generate value added products from lignin raw materials. The primary purpose of lignin depolymerization is to convert the complex lignin compound into small molecules for fuels and basic chemicals or oligomers for further application.

What type of enzyme is laccase?

Laccase is a multi-copper oxidase that catalyzes the oxidation of one electron of a wide range of phenolic compounds. The enzyme is considered eco-friendly because it requires molecular oxygen as co-substrate for the catalysis and it yields water as the sole by-product.

What does lignin break down into?

To break down lignin, white rot fungi use strong enzymes, proteins that speed up chemical reactions. These enzymes split many of lignin’s chemical bonds, turning it into simple sugars and releasing carbon dioxide into the air. White rot is still better at rending lignin than any other type of fungus.

What is laccase used for?

In food industry, laccase is used for the elimination of undesirable phenolic compound in baking, juice processing, wine stabilization, and bioremediation of waste water [2]. Laccase improves not only the functionality but also the sensory properties [107].

How does laccase degrade lignin?

Laccase is commonly found in white-rot fungi and catalyses the abstraction of one electron from the phenolic hydroxyl group to polymerize or depolymerize lignin model compounds. Laccase degrades both β-1 and β-O-4 dimers via C-C cleavage, C oxidation and alkyl-aryl cleavage.

What color is lignin?

A solution of hydrochloric acid and phloroglucinol is used for the detection of lignin (Wiesner test). A brilliant red color develops, owing to the presence of coniferaldehyde groups in the lignin.

What are the prospective applications of lignin peroxidase?

The prospective applications of lignin peroxidase span through sectors such as biorefinery, textile, energy, bioremediation, cosmetology, and dermatology industries.

Is lignin peroxidase a potential alternative to hydroquinone in skin-lightening?

Prospective application of lignin peroxidase in skin-lightening functions through novel mechanisms, hence, it holds high value for the cosmetics sector where it may serve as suitable alternative to hydroquinone; a potent skin-lightening agent whose safety has generated lots of controversy and concern.

What is the molecular weight of lignin peroxidase?

Similarly, the molecular weight range of lignin peroxidase has been documented as 38 kDa to 43 kDa, isoelectric point range of 3.3 to 4.7 (Glumoff et al., 1990; Kirk, Croan, Tien, Murtagh, & Farrell, 1986 ), and a very low optimum pH of around pH 3.0 with veratryl alcohol as the substrate (Furukawa, Bello, & Horsfall, 2014; Tien & Kirk, 1988 ).

Can lignin peroxidase from sewage sludge treatment plant be used for textile decolourization?

Furthermore, a lignin peroxidase produced from sewage sludge treatment plant was reported to exhibit potential for textile effluent treatment and dye decolourization (Alam, Mansor, & Jalal, 2009; Singh et al., 2015 ).