What are the boundaries of the middle ear?
The middle ear or middle ear cavity, also known as tympanic cavity or tympanum (plural: tympanums/tympana), is an air-filled chamber in the petrous part of the temporal bone. It is separated from the external ear by the tympanic membrane, and from the inner ear by the medial wall of the tympanic cavity.
Which tendon passes through pyramid of middle ear?
Below the aditus there is a hollow conical projection, called the pyramid, which is perforated by the tendon of the stapedius muscle.
What is the eardrum attached to?
The middle ear contains three tiny bones: Hammer (malleus) — attached to the eardrum.
What Innervates the middle ear?
Two cranial nerves provide motor branches to the muscles of the middle ear. Branches of the trigeminal nerve named for their respective muscles innervate the tensor tympani and tensor veli palatini muscles within the tympanic cavity.
What Innervates middle ear?
How many openings are there into the middle ear?
It has two small openings, or fenestrae, one above the other. The upper one is the oval window, which is closed by the footplate of the stapes. The lower one is the round window, which is covered by a thin membrane.
What are the parts of ear?
The outer ear is made up of three parts; the part we see on the sides of our heads (pinna), the ear canal, and. the eardrum (tympanic membrane).
What is cochlea of ear?
The cochlea is a hollow, spiral-shaped bone found in the inner ear that plays a key role in the sense of hearing and participates in the process of auditory transduction. Sound waves are transduced into electrical impulses that the brain can interpret as individual frequencies of sound.
What is the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus?
The laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDT) sends cholinergic ( acetylcholine) projections to many subcortical and cortical structures, including the thalamus, hypothalamus, substantia nigra ( dopamine neurons), ventral tegmental area (dopamine neurons), cortex (with bidirectional connections with the prefrontal cortex ).
What is the ventral tegmental area?
The ventral tegmental area (VTA) is a structure in the midbrain which sends dopaminergic neural projections to both the limbic and cortical areas (ie, the mesolimbic and mesocortical circuits, respectively).
What are the branches of the dorsalis pedis?
Key facts about the dorsalis pedis artery Origin Anterior tibial artery Branches Lateral tarsal artery, medial tarsal art Supply Tarsal bones, tarsal joints, tarsometata
What is the vastus lateralis?
Rochelle Collins, DO, is a board-certified family medicine doctor currently practicing in Bloomfield, Connecticut. The vastus lateralis is a muscle located on the lateral, or outside, part of your thigh. The muscle is one of the four quadriceps muscles and is the largest muscle of that group.