What is the 6th chromosome responsible for?
Chromosome 6 is functionally associated with more than 120 major human diseases, including cancer, heart disease, infectious, immune and inflammatory disorders and mental illnesses [7].
What is located in the HLA complex on human chromosome 6?
The HLA complex, which is located on the short arm of human chromosome 6, contains sequences encoding about 100 genes, most involved in the regulation of the immune response.
What genes are located on chromosome 6?
The gene for prolactin has been located on chromosome 6 in humans. DNA fragments of 4.8 and 4.0 kilobases containing prolactin gene sequences were identified in human genomic DNA, whereas DNA fragments of 7.4, 3.6, and 3.3 kilobases containing prolactin gene sequences were found in mouse cells.
What are chromosome 6 characteristics?
Chromosome 6 spans more than 170 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 5.5 and 6% of the total DNA in cells. It contains the Major Histocompatibility Complex, which contains over 100 genes related to the immune response, and plays a vital role in organ transplantation.
What happens if your missing chromosome 6?
Features that often occur in people with chromosome 6q deletion include developmental delay , intellectual disability , and distinctive facial features. Most cases are not inherited , but people can pass the deletion on to their children.
What happens if you have an extra chromosome 6?
Chromosome 6, Partial Trisomy 6q is also often associated with abnormal bending (flexion), extension, and fixation of certain joints (contractures), such as the fingers, wrists, and/or other regions (e.g., elbows, knees, hips), causing limitation of movement and abnormal postures.
What is the relationship between MHC and HLA?
The main difference between the two groups is that MHC is often found in vertebrates, while HLA is only found in humans. To simplify, HLA is the human body’s version of MHC. Part of the responsibility of these antigens is to detect cells entering the body.
How does chromosome 6 deletion happen?
Chromosome 6q deletion is a chromosome abnormality that occurs when there is a missing copy of the genetic material located on the long arm (q) of chromosome 6. The severity of the condition and the signs and symptoms depend on the size and location of the deletion and which genes are involved.
Where is the MHC locus on chromosome 6?
Top, the ideogram of human chromosomes 6 is shown including the chromosomal location of the MHC locus at 6p21.3. Middle, the gene distribution of the MHC locus including genes that border each region and the complement genes C4B and C2 are shown.
What is the MHC locus?
The MHC locus, located on chromosome 6 in humans and chromosome 17 in mice, is a clustering of around 150 genes that are largely involved in immune regulation and encode many different proteins including both MHC-class I and MHC-class II molecules.
What is the 6th chromosome in human DNA?
CM000668 (FASTA) Chromosome 6 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 6 spans more than 170 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 5.5 and 6% of the total DNA in cells.
What is the histocompatibility complex of chromosome 6?
The major histocompatibility complex region on the short arm of human chromosome 6 is a four million base pair deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) segment that encodes many of the molecules involved in innate and acquired immune responses (Fig.