Do P waves travel faster through the lithosphere than through the asthenosphere?
Because the earth’s mantle becomes more rigid and compressible as the depth below the asthenosphere increases, P-waves travel faster as they go deeper in the mantle….P-Waves.
| P-waves travel through materials with rigidity and/or compressiblity, and density | |
|---|---|
| greater density | slower P-waves |
What is the approximate velocity of P waves at the bottom of the lithosphere?
As shown in Figure 9.5, typical P-wave velocities are between 0.5 km/s and 2.5 km/s in unconsolidated sediments, and between 3.0 km/s and 6.5 km/s in solid crustal rocks. Of the common rocks of the crust, velocities are greatest in basalt and granite.
What is the velocity of P-wave?
The p-wave velocity at the upper most mantle is 7.97 km/s, and the S-wave 4.55 km/s. The low velocity layer in the upper mantle occurs approximately at 140 km deep with a thickness of about 55–62 km.
Can P waves travel through the asthenosphere?
Because the earth’s mantle becomes more rigid and compressible as the depth below the asthenosphere increases, P-waves travel faster as they go deeper in the mantle….P-Waves.
| P-waves travel through materials with rigidity and/or compressibility, and density | |
|---|---|
| greater density | slower P-waves |
What happens when the P waves encounter the boundary between the lithosphere and asthenosphere?
What happens to P-waves when they reach the boundary between the mantle and the outer core? P-waves are refracted when they reach the boundary between the mantle and the outer core.
Why is P wave the fastest?
P-waves and S-waves are body waves that propagate through the planet. P-waves travel 60% faster than S-waves on average because the interior of the Earth does not react the same way to both of them. P-waves are compression waves that apply a force in the direction of propagation.
Does the velocity of P-waves and S waves increase or decrease immediately below the lithosphere?
1. Figure 19.7: The velocity of S-waves decreases within a zone just below the lithosphere. This suggests that the peridotite within this zone contain a few percent partial melt, but not enough to completely stop the S-waves. This region is therefore referred to as the low velocity zone or asthenosphere.
What are P-waves?
A P wave, or compressional wave, is a seismic body wave that shakes the ground back and forth in the same direction and the opposite direction as the direction the wave is moving.
What is P wave and S wave velocity?
Earthquake and earthquake ground motion Velocities of P wave and S wave are 8.1 and 4.5 km/s respectively. Peridotite is the rock type found in mantle. From 50 to 250 km seismic wave velocity decreases, indicating a change in composition.
What does P in a P wave stands for?
primary
Compressional waves are also called P-Waves, (P stands for “primary”) because they are always the first to arrive.
What does P in a P wave mean?
Answer. The P wave represents atrial depolarization. The normal P wave morphology is upright in leads I, II, and aVF, but it is inverted in lead aVR.
In what way is the P wave velocity plot the same to the S wave velocity plot between the Earth’s surface and 2900 km depth?
(a) P-wave velocity has a higher value and a greater gradient than the S- wave velocity plot. P-wave velocity reduces sharply at 2900 km depth but not to zero as S-wave velocity does.
Does the lithosphere–asthenosphere transition occur at the eastern stations?
At WT08, BL23, STKA and YNG there is distinct reflectivity associated with entry into the lithosphere–asthenosphere transition, and for the three eastern stations this lies close to the discontinuity reported by Ford et al. (2010).
Are the reflection amplitudes through the lithospheric mantle and asthenosphere different in simulations?
The reflection amplitudes through the lithospheric mantle and asthenosphere can be both larger and smaller in the simulations than in the observations at the nearest stations.
What is the range of P wavelengths in the upper mantle?
In the frequency band 0.5–4.0 Hz we exploit P wavelengths of the order of 16–2 km in the uppermost mantle, so that features down to 0.25 km vertical scale could potentially be observed.
Is the asthenospheric reflectivity of the oceanic Philippine Sea Plate mille-feuille?
The character of asthenospheric reflectivity has a strong resemblance to the mille-feuille pattern inferred for the oceanic Philippine sea plate in the S wave receiver function study of Kawakatsu et al. (2009).