What is Fundal adenomyomatosis?

Fundal type adenomyomatosis is seen macroscopically as an intraluminal hemispheric mass in the fundus of the gallbladder. Section surfaces are hard and consist of gray-white tissue and between these, dilated cystic glands.

What is mild adenomyomatosis?

Adenomyomatosis is a benign condition characterized by hyperplastic changes of unknown etiology involving the gallbladder wall and causing overgrowth of the mucosa, thickening of the muscular wall, and formation of intramural diverticula or sinus tracts termed Rokitansky-Aschoff sinuses.

Is adenomyomatosis common?

Adenomyomatosis is a common disease that has been shown to occur in approximately 5% of cholecystectomy specimens. Traditionally, adenomyomatosis was discovered and evaluated with ultrasound, and radiologists in general are very familiar with its sonographic appearance.

Does adenomyomatosis enhance?

Abnormal gallbladder wall thickening and enhancement are common but nonspecific CT features of adenomyomatosis.

Is Adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder benign?

Gallbladder adenomyomatosis is a benign condition characterized by hyperplastic change in the gallbladder wall and overgrowth of the mucosa because of an unknown cause. Patients with gallbladder adenomyomatosis usually present with abdominal pain.

Is Adenomyomatosis of the gallbladder cancerous?

Originally recognized as a precancerous lesion, adenomyomatosis is currently recognized by recent studies as a benign alteration of the gallbladder that is often associated with cholecystitis and cholecystolithiasis. Gallbladder carcinoma is an extremely malignant disease with a 5-year survival rate of less than 5%.

How serious is gallbladder adenomyomatosis?

What is the pathophysiology of invasive fungal sinusitis?

Invasive fungal sinusitis is defined by the presence of fungal hyphae within the mucosa, submucosa, bone, or blood vessels of the paranasal sinuses. Invasive fungal sinusitis is subdivided into acute invasive fungal sinusitis, chronic invasive fungal sinusitis, and chronic granulomatous invasive fungal sinusitis.

Which imaging findings are characteristic of fungal sinusitis?

Characteristic imaging findings are critical to the diagnosis. Typically, a single sinus cavity is affected, a distinct feature from other forms of fungal sinusitis. Maxillary sinuses are most commonly affected, followed by sphenoid, frontal, and ethmoid sinuses. Another unique feature is the lack of sinus expansion.

What is the difference between invasive and non invasive fungal sinusitis?

Acute invasive fungal sinusitis, chronic invasive fungal sinusitis, and chronic granulomatous invasive fungal sinusitis make up the invasive group, whereas noninvasive fungal sinusitis is composed of allergic fungal sinusitis and fungus ball (fungal mycetoma).

What is chronic granulomatous invasive fungal sinusitis?

Also known as primary paranasal granuloma and indolent fungal sinusitis, chronic granulomatous invasive fungal sinusitis is primarily found in Africa (Sudan) and Southeast Asia, with a few cases reported in the United States (, 2,, 8 ). It is usually caused by Aspergillus flavus.